Moral Norms Governing the Relation with the Other Gender in Qur`an (Focusing on Al-Ahzab and An-Nur Surahs of Qur’an)

Author

Counselling, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj, Iran

Abstract

Sexual morality entails a group of habits and behaviors of human beings that relates to sexual desire. Through a descriptive-analytical method, the present study examined a framework that Qur`an defined for the male and female relationships. This study focused on Al-Ahzab and An-Nur Chapters as well as relations that are shaped beyond relatives, affinity, ownership and marriage bonds.  It is worth mentioning that  the Verses on the mentioned bonds contributes to the better understanding  of the Verses on the relations beyond the bonds. The findings showed that the do`s and do not`s in these two chapters are to obtain the defined purposes with some criteria. Refinement and purification of the heart are the main aims of such do`s and do not`s which are obtained by avoiding stares, chastity, covering beauties and adorned , avoiding showing off, abstaining breaking promises and intruding the privacies. Their criteria are the presence of needs and the temptation of sexual desire.  

Keywords


1- The Holy Quran
2- Abedini, Ahmad(2000), Seyri dar Ayat Hijab, Jurisprudence Magazine, No 23, pp49-92.
3- Alian nejadi, Abolghasem(2015), Women's Sentences(According to Nasser Makarem Shirazi) Qom: Imam Ali ibn Abitaleb Press.
4- Behbudi, Mohammad Bagher(1990), The religious veil, Hawzah, No 42, pp133-141
5- Behbudi, Mohammad Bagher(1993), A criticism of the critique of the religious veil, Hawzah, No 55, pp159-193
6- Davudi, Saeid(2014), Woman in Nemuneh Interpretation, Qom: Imam Ali ibn abitaleb Press.
7- Dinvari, Abdullah ibn Mohammad(2003) Ibn Wahb's Commentary, the clear name in the interpretation of the Holy Quran, Vol 2, Beirut: Dar Al-Kotob Al-Elmieh Press.
8- Farahidi, Khalil ibn Ahmad(1988), Al-Eyn(9 volumes) Qom: Dar Al-Hejrah Foundation Press.
9- Fayyaz, Mohammad Isaq(2011), The position of women in the political system of Islam, Najaf: Dar Al-Badreh(Kalemah Al-Tayebah Press)
10- Fazel Lankarani, Mohammad(1987), Detailed Shari'ah in Description of Tahrir Al-Vasileh(Prayer), Vol 2, Qom: Al-Aeimeh Al-Atha'r(p.b.u.h) Jurisprudence Center Press.
11- Fazlullah, Sayed Mohammad Hussein(1998), Men Vahy Al-Quran, Vol 16 and 18, Beirut: Dar Al-Malak Press.
12- Feiz kashani, Mohammad bin Shah Morteza(1994)Safi Interpretation, Vol 4, Tehran: Maktabh Al-Sadr Press.
13- Ghorashi, sayed Ali Akbar(1991), Ghamuos Quran, Vol 3, Tehran: Dar Al-kotob Al-Islamiyah Press.
14- Horr Ameli, Mohammad bin Hassan(1993),Vasael Al-Shia, Vol 20, Qom: Alol-bait  Le ehyae Toras Foundation, Mehr Press.
15- Ibn Abi Hatam, Abdul Rahman bin Mohammad(1998), Interpretation of the Quran, Vol 10, Riyadh: Maktab Nizar Mustafa Al-Baz Press.
16- Ibn Fares, Ahmad bin fares(1984), Standard Language Dictionary (6Volume Course), Qom:Maktab Al-Aalam al-eslami, Markaz Al-Nashr Press.
17- Ibn Jawzi, Abdul Rahman bin Ali(2001), The path increased in the science of interpretation, Vol 3, Beirut: Dar Al-Ktab Al-Arabi Press.
18- Ibn Manzur, Mohammad bin Mokarram(1954), Lesan Al-Arab(15 Volume Course), Beirut:Dar Al-Fekr, Leltebaah, Al-Nashr va Al-Tozie Press.
19- Ibn Qatibah, Abdullah ibn Muslim(1990),Gharib Al-Quran Interpretation, Beirut:Dar and Maktab Al-Helal Press.
20- Javadi Amoli, Abdullah(2007), Woman in the mirror of glory and beauty,Qom: Asra Press.
21- Jazayeri, Abu Bakr Jaber(1995), The easiest Interpretations for the words of the Most High, Vol 4, Medina: Maktabat Al-Olum valhakam Press.
22- Jorjani, Abdul Qaher bin Abdul Rahman(2009),Dorj al-Dorar In the interpretation of the Great Quran, Vol 2, Oman(Jordan): Dar Al-Fekr Press.
23- Khalafi, Moslem(2007), Inter-religious revision of the veil, Motaleat Rahbirdi Zanan, No 37, pp75-132
24- Makarem Shirazi, Nasser et al(1992), Nemuone interpretation, Vol 14, Tehran: Dar Al-Kotob Al-Islamiyeh Press.
25- Matoridi, Mohammad bin Mohammad(2005),Tavilat Ahl Al-Sunnah, Vol 8, Beirut: Dar Al-Kotob Al-Elmiyeh Press.
26- May, Rollo(2014), Love and Will, translation by Sepideh Habib, Tehran: Danjeh Press.
27-Mesbah yzadi, Mohammad Taghi(2015), Ethics in Quran, Vol 2&3,Qom: Imam Khomeini Education and Research Institute Press.
28- Moghatel bin soleyman Balkhi(2002), Moghatel bin soleyman interpretation, Vol, Beirut: Daro Ehya Al-Toras Al-Arabi Press.
29- Mostafavi, Hassan(1989), Research of words in Holy Quran(14 volumes), Tehran: Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance.
30- Motahhari, Morteza (2008 A), The issue of hijab, Tehran: Sadra Press.
31- Motahhari, Morteza (2008 B), Response to Criticisms of the Hijab Problem Book, Tehran: Sadra Press.
32- Motahhari, Morteza (2010), Sexual Ethics in Islam and the Western World, Tehran: Sadra Press.
33- Motahhari, Morteza (2011),Women's Rights System in Islam, Tehran: Sadra Press.
34- Nafisi, Shadi, Marzieh Raisi, and Zahra Jahanbazi (2017), A Comparative Study of the Coverage of bondwoman in Shi'a and Sunni Jurisprudence and Interpretation, Comparative Interpretation researches, No 2, pp207-231.
35- Nahas, Ahmad bin Mohammad(2000),Erab Al-Quran, Vol 3, Beirut: Dar Al-Kotob Al-Elmiyeh Press.
36- Nekounam, Mohammad Reza (2014), Woman, the oppressed are always history, Vol 1, Tehran: Sobhe Farda Press.
37- Razi, Mohammad ibn Hussein (1986), Summarizing the statement in the metaphors of the Quran, Beirut:Dar Al-Azwa Press.
38- Sadeghi Tehrani, Mohammad(2005), Resale Tozih Al-Masayel Novin,Tehran: Omid Farda Press.
39- Sadr Husseini, Ali Reza(2005), Hokme Nazar Be Makhtubeh, Pazhuhesh haye Dini, first year, No 3, pp161-183
40- Salabi, Ahmad bin Mohammad(2001),Al-Kashf Va Al-Bayan,Vol 7, Beirut:Daro Ehya Al-Toras Al-Arabi Press.
41- Sanrei, yusef (2017),Majma Ol-Masayel, Vol 3, Qom: Feqh Al-Saghaleyn Press.
42- Sanrei, yusef(2016),Al-Taligheh Ala Tahrir Al-Vasileh Lel-Imam Al-Khomeini, Vol 2, Qom:Al-Oruj Foundation Press.  
43- Shakhuri, Jafari(1996), Book of marriage, Vol 1, Beirut: Dar Al- Malak Press.
44- Shobeyri Zanjani, Sayed Mousa (2017),Resale Tozih al-Masayel, Qom: Markaz Feqhi Imam Mohammad Bagher.
45- Shobeyri Zanjani, Sayed Mousa(1998-1999), Courses Outside Jurisprudence of Ketab Nekah Orvat Al-Vosgha.
46- Sorush Mahalati, Mohammad (2016), Moral security plan from the jurisprudential perspective, Jomhuri eslami, Vol 10575, p12
47- Sorush Mahalati, Mohammad(2007), Investigating one rule and two exceptions to the veil, Motaleat Rahbirdi Zanan, No 37, pp193-224
48- Tabarani, Soleyman bin Ahmad(2008), Interpretation of Al-Kabir: Interpretation of the Great Quran, Vol 5, Jordan: Dar Al-Ketab Al-Saghafi Press.
49- Tabari, Mohammad bin Jarir(1991), Jame Ol-Bayan in the interpretation of the Quran, Vol 22, Beirut: Dar Al-Ma'refah Press.
50- Tabarsi, Fazl bin Hasan(1993),Majma Ol-Bayan in the interpretation of the Quran, Vol 8, Tehran: Naser Khosro Press.
51- Tabatabaei Yazdi, Sayed Mohammad Kazem(2012), Al-Orvat Al-Vosgha, Vol 4, Qom: Meysam Tammar Press.
52- Tabatabaei, Sayed Mohammad Hussein (1970), Almizan fi Tafsir Al-Quran(20 volumes), Beirut: Al- A'alami Lel-Matbuat Foundation.  
53- Tabatabaei, Sayed Mohammad Hussein (1995), Interpretation of Al-Mizan, Translated by Seyyed Mohammad Bagher Mousavi Hamedani, Vol 16, Qom:Modaresin Hawze Elmiyeh Qom Society(Islamic Publications Office), Press.
54- Tusi, Mohammad bin Hasan(No date), Al-Tebyan in the interpretation of the Quran, Vol 7-8, Beirut: Daro Ehya Al-Toras Al-Arabi Press.
55- Wahedi, Ali bin Ahmad(1994),Alvajiz fi Tafsir Al-Ketab Al-Aziz, Vol 2, Beirut: Dar Al-Ghalam Press.
56- Yazidi, Abdullah ibn Yahya (1985), Gharib al-Qur'an and Tafsir, Beirut:Alam Al-Kotob Press.
57- Zamakhshari, Mahmud ibn Omar(1987),Al-Kasshaf An Haghayegh Ghavamez Al-Tanzil va oyoon al-aghavil fi Voju Al-Tavil, Vol 3, Beirut: Dar Al-Ketab Al-Arabi Press.