تقویت نوآوری سبز: نقش سرمایه اخلاقی و فشار ذی نفعان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشکده کارآفرینی، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

2 دانشکده کارآفرینی پردیس قشم دانشگاه تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه کسب و کار دانشکده کارآفرینی دانشگاه تهران

10.22081/jare.2025.72773.2083

چکیده

تشدید چالش‌های زیست‌محیطی مانند آلودگی هوا و بحران کم‌آبی، سازمان‌ها را به‌ویژه در ایران به سوی نوآوری سبز سوق داده است. این مرور نظام‌مند بر اساس راهنمای PRISMA، با تحلیل ۶۰ مطالعه، روابط بین سرمایه اخلاقی، نوآوری سبز و فشار ذینفعان را بررسی نموده است. سرمایه اخلاقی به عنوان مجموعه ارزش‌های بنیادین مانند صداقت، شفافیت و امانت‌داری زمین («الأرض أمانة فی أعناقکم»، نهج‌البلاغه، نامه ۳۱) در سه سطح فردی، اجتماعی و محیطی عمل می‌کند. نوآوری سبز شامل محصول (مانند خودروهای برقی) و فرآیند (مانند بازیافت) است و فشار ذینفعان (نهادی، رقابتی، اجتماعی) به‌عنوان تعدیل‌گر، این رابطه را تقویت می‌نماید. تحلیل مضمون در NVivo نشان داد که ۸۲٪ مطالعات رابطه مثبت را تأیید کردند، اما فشار بیش‌ازحد ممکن است به رفتارهای نمایشی منجر شود («من أظهر خلاف ما یبطن فقد أفسد فی الأرض»، نهج‌البلاغه، حکمت ۱۰۳). در ایران، قوانین زیست‌محیطی و فشار اجتماعی، صنایع سنگین را به فناوری‌های پاک واداشته است (سازمان حفاظت محیط زیست، ۱۴۰۳).
این پژوهش شکاف‌های مفهومی (تعریف سه‌بعدی)، روش‌شناختی (پیشنهاد مطالعات طولی) و زمینه‌ای (تمرکز بر ایران) را شناسایی نموده است و در مدل مفهومی پیشنهادی چارچوبی یکپارچه ارائه می‌دهد. پیشنهادها شامل توسعه ابزار بومی، آموزش اخلاقی و سیاست تشویقی است. نتایج در راستای توسعه پایدار و چالش‌های بومی مانند آلودگی تهران، پایداری را تقویت می‌کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Fostering Green Innovation: The Role of Ethical Capital and Stakeholder Pressure

نویسندگان [English]

  • zeinab mohammadi 1
  • morteza mohsenzadeh 2
  • Hossein Sadeghi 3
1 Faculty of Entrepreneurship, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Faculty of Entrepreneurship, Qeshm Campus, University of Tehran
3 Associate Professor Faculty of Entrepreneurship University of Tehran
چکیده [English]

Environmental challenges, such as air pollution and water scarcity, have driven organizations, particularly in Iran, toward green innovation. This systematic review, based on the PRISMA guideline (Moher et al., 2009), analyzed 60 studies to explore the relationships between ethical capital, green innovation, and stakeholder pressure. Ethical capital, comprising values like integrity, transparency, and stewardship of the earth (“The earth is a trust upon your necks”, Nahj al-Balagha, Letter 31, trans. Dashti, 1990), operates at individual, social, and environmental levels (Malja & Afrasiabi, 2025; Mishra & Aithal, 2023). Green innovation includes products (e.g., electric vehicles) and processes (e.g., recycling) (Enbaia et al., 2024). Stakeholder pressure (institutional, competitive, social) acts as a moderator, strengthening this relationship (“Their affairs are conducted by consultation among them”, Qur’an, 42:38, trans. Makarem Shirazi, 1990). Thematic analysis using NVivo revealed that 82% of studies confirmed a positive relationship, though excessive pressure may lead to greenwashing (“Whoever displays what is contrary to what is in his heart has corrupted the earth”, Nahj al-Balagha, Wisdom 103; Liu et al., 2021). In Iran, environmental regulations and social pressures have pushed heavy industries toward clean technologies (Department of Environment, 2024).
This research addressed conceptual gaps (tri-dimensional definition), methodological gaps (recommendations for longitudinal studies), and contextual gaps (Iran focus) through a proposed conceptual framework (Figure 2). Practical recommendations include indigenous tool development, ethical training, and incentive policies. Findings enhance sustainability in line with SDG 13 and local challenges like Tehran’s pollution.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ethical capital
  • green innovation
  • stakeholder pressure
  • sustainability
  • Islamic jurisprudence
  • Iran
 
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